All programs and tools that need to retrieve the organizations stopped working for some reason. This happens for all computers inside and outside of the LAN where the CRM server is. However, I do not have that problem if I use the programs and tools on the CRM server itself.
What I also discovered is that during authentication the regular login page is being returned. The server of course does not know what to do with it and throws an exception "The content type TEXT/HTML... of the response message does not match the content type of the binding (application/soap+xml)..."
The user is a valid user with the correct password as login to the actual CRM using the same credentials and logging in from outside the network works just fine (and so does using the programs/tools on the CRM server using that user).
Note that ADFS is hosted on SBS 2008 and the CRM server is hosted on Server 2008. I also had to renew the SSL certificates but I do not believe the issue started that same time (plus logging in still works for everybody using the regular login screen).
Below is the error thrown by the plugin registration tool.
Unhandled Exception: System.ServiceModel.ProtocolException: The content type text/html; charset=utf-8 of the response message does not match the content type of the binding (application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8). If using a custom encoder, be sure that
the IsContentTypeSupported method is implemented properly. The first 1024 bytes of the response were: '
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" dir="ltr">
<head><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=8" /><title>
Sign In
</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="MasterPages/StyleSheet.css" /><meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow" /></head>
<body>
<form name="aspnetForm" method="post" action="/adfs/ls/?wa=wsignin1.0&wtrealm=https%3a%2f%2fsts.[...].com%2f&wctx=rm%3d1%26id%[...]%26ru%3dhttps%253a%252f%252fsts.[...].com%252fadfs%252fservices%252ftrust%252f13%252fusername%252fdefault.aspx&wct=2014-11-17T19%3a04%3a10Z&wauth=urn%3aoasis%3anames%3atc%3aSAML%3a1.0%3aam%3apassword"
id="aspnetForm">
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="/[...]" />
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" id="__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR" value="0E'.
Server stack trace:
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpChannelUtilities.ValidateRequestReplyResponse(HttpWebRequest request, HttpWebResponse response, HttpChannelFactory`1 factory, WebException responseException, ChannelBinding channelBinding)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpChannelFactory`1.HttpRequestChannel.HttpChannelRequest.WaitForReply(TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.RequestChannel.Request(Message message, TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.SecurityChannelFactory`1.SecurityRequestChannel.Request(Message message, TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannel.Call(String action, Boolean oneway, ProxyOperationRuntime operation, Object[] ins, Object[] outs, TimeSpan timeout)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannelProxy.InvokeService(IMethodCallMessage methodCall, ProxyOperationRuntime operation)
at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannelProxy.Invoke(IMessage message)
Exception rethrown at [0]:
at System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies.RealProxy.HandleReturnMessage(IMessage reqMsg, IMessage retMsg)
at System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies.RealProxy.PrivateInvoke(MessageData& msgData, Int32 type)
at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.WSTrust.IWSTrustContract.Issue(Message message)
at Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.WSTrust.WSTrustChannel.Issue(RequestSecurityToken rst, RequestSecurityTokenResponse& rstr)
at Microsoft.Xrm.Sdk.Client.ServiceConfiguration`1.Issue(AuthenticationCredentials authenticationCredentials)
at Microsoft.Xrm.Sdk.Client.ServiceConfiguration`1.AuthenticateInternal(AuthenticationCredentials authenticationCredentials)
at Microsoft.Xrm.Sdk.Client.ServiceConfiguration`1.AuthenticateFederationInternal(AuthenticationCredentials authenticationCredentials)
at Microsoft.Xrm.Sdk.Client.ServiceConfiguration`1.Authenticate(AuthenticationCredentials authenticationCredentials)
at Microsoft.Xrm.Sdk.Client.ServiceConfiguration`1.Authenticate(ClientCredentials clientCredentials)
at Microsoft.Xrm.Sdk.Client.ServiceProxy`1.AuthenticateCore()
at PluginRegistrationTool.ManagedTokenDiscoveryServiceProxy.AuthenticateCore() in ToolServiceProxies.cs:line 47
at Microsoft.Xrm.Sdk.Client.ServiceProxy`1.ValidateAuthentication()
at PluginRegistrationTool.ManagedTokenDiscoveryServiceProxy.ValidateAuthentication() in ToolServiceProxies.cs:line 53
at Microsoft.Xrm.Sdk.Client.ServiceContextInitializer`1.Initialize(ServiceProxy`1 proxy)
at Microsoft.Xrm.Sdk.Client.DiscoveryServiceProxy.Execute(DiscoveryRequest request)
at PluginRegistrationTool.CrmConnection.RetrieveOrganizations() in CrmConnection.cs:line 315
at PluginRegistrationTool.ConnectionsForm.OpenConnection(CrmConnection con) in ConnectionsForm.cs:line 940